Fix vdev_queue_aggregate() deadlock

This deadlock may manifest itself in slightly different ways but
at the core it is caused by a memory allocation blocking on file-
system reclaim in the zio pipeline.  This is normally impossible
because zio_execute() disables filesystem reclaim by setting
PF_FSTRANS on the thread.  However, kmem cache allocations may
still indirectly block on file system reclaim while holding the
critical vq->vq_lock as shown below.

To resolve this issue zio_buf_alloc_flags() is introduced which
allocation flags to be passed.  This can then be used in
vdev_queue_aggregate() with KM_NOSLEEP when allocating the
aggregate IO buffer.  Since aggregating the IO is purely a
performance optimization we want this to either succeed or fail
quickly.  Trying too hard to allocate this memory under the
vq->vq_lock can negatively impact performance and result in
this deadlock.

* z_wr_iss
zio_vdev_io_start
  vdev_queue_io -> Takes vq->vq_lock
    vdev_queue_io_to_issue
      vdev_queue_aggregate
        zio_buf_alloc -> Waiting on spl_kmem_cache process

* z_wr_int
zio_vdev_io_done
  vdev_queue_io_done
    mutex_lock -> Waiting on vq->vq_lock held by z_wr_iss

* txg_sync
spa_sync
  dsl_pool_sync
    zio_wait -> Waiting on zio being handled by z_wr_int

* spl_kmem_cache
spl_cache_grow_work
  kv_alloc
    spl_vmalloc
      ...
      evict
        zpl_evict_inode
          zfs_inactive
            dmu_tx_wait
              txg_wait_open -> Waiting on txg_sync

Signed-off-by: Brian Behlendorf <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Chunwei Chen <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Tim Chase <[email protected]>
Closes #3808
Closes #3867

1 files changed, 15 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/module/zfs/zio.c b/module/zfs/zio.c
index c378742ed..794439bbe 100644
--- a/module/zfs/zio.c
+++ b/module/zfs/zio.c
@@ -248,6 +248,20 @@ zio_data_buf_alloc(size_t size)
 	return (kmem_cache_alloc(zio_data_buf_cache[c], KM_PUSHPAGE));
 }
 
+/*
+ * Use zio_buf_alloc_flags when specific allocation flags are needed.  e.g.
+ * passing KM_NOSLEEP when it is acceptable for an allocation to fail.
+ */
+void *
+zio_buf_alloc_flags(size_t size, int flags)
+{
+	size_t c = (size - 1) >> SPA_MINBLOCKSHIFT;
+
+	VERIFY3U(c, <, SPA_MAXBLOCKSIZE >> SPA_MINBLOCKSHIFT);
+
+	return (kmem_cache_alloc(zio_buf_cache[c], flags));
+}
+
 void
 zio_buf_free(void *buf, size_t size)
 {
@@ -3458,6 +3472,7 @@ zbookmark_is_before(const dnode_phys_t *dnp, const zbookmark_phys_t *zb1,
 EXPORT_SYMBOL(zio_type_name);
 EXPORT_SYMBOL(zio_buf_alloc);
 EXPORT_SYMBOL(zio_data_buf_alloc);
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(zio_buf_alloc_flags);
 EXPORT_SYMBOL(zio_buf_free);
 EXPORT_SYMBOL(zio_data_buf_free);