Guide to Building HandBrake svn2241 (2009030801) on Linux ********************************************************* Table of Contents ***************** 1 Introduction 2 Prerequisites 3 QuickStart 4 Overview 5 Building via Terminal 5.1 Checkout Sources 5.2 Configure 5.3 Build 5.4 Make Targets 5.4.1 Global 5.4.2 General Modules 5.4.3 Contrib Modules 5.4.4 Contrib Touch and Untouch 5.4.5 Contrib Aggregates 5.5 Customizing Make 1 Introduction ************** This guide documents the recommended process to build HandBrake on Linux hosts from the official source-code repository. Building from any other source is not supported. 2 Prerequisites *************** The following are the recommended specifications for building on Linux; but is not necessarily the only configuration that is possible: * Intel 32-bit or 64-bit kernel * Ubuntu 8.0.4, gcc 4.3.0, yasm 0.7.1.2093 * Ubuntu 8.10, gcc 4.3.2, yasm 0.7.1.2093 * Fedora 9, gcc 4.3.0, yasm 0.7.1.2093 * Fedora 10, gcc 4.3.2, yasm 0.7.1.2093 * gcc 4.0.0 or higher is reported to work Note: It is recommended to use the platform distribution's bundled compiler for maximum C++ compatibility. If you build with a custom compiler it will likely introduce non-standard runtime requirements. There are of course many valid reasons to build with unbundled compilers, but be aware it is generally unsupported and left as an exercise to the reader. The following general tools are used on various platforms and it is recommended you use these versions or similar: * subversion - 1.5.5 * python - Python 2.4.6 * curl - curl 7.19.3 (or wget) * m4 - GNU M4 1.4.6 * make - GNU Make 3.81 * patch - Patch 2.5.8 * tar - GNU tar 1.15.1 * wget - GNU Wget 1.11.4 (or curl) The GTK UI introduces some significant extra build requirements. If you intend to disable building the GUI with `configure --disable-gtk' you will not need many of these packages installed: Ubuntu 8.10 packages: * build-essential * autoconf (gui) * intltool (gui) * libtool (gui) * zlib1g-dev (gui) * libbz2-dev * libglib2.0-dev (gui) * libdbus-glib-1-dev (gui) * libgtk2.0-dev (gui) * libhal-dev (gui) * libhal-storage-dev (gui) * libgtkhtml3.14-dev (gui) * libgstreamer0.10-dev (gui) * libgstreamer-plugins-base0.10-dev (gui) To install these packages: sudo apt-get install subversion yasm build-essential \ autoconf intltool libtool zlib1g-dev libbz2-dev libglib2.0-dev \ libdbus-glib-1-dev libgtk2.0-dev libhal-dev libhal-storage-dev \ libgtkhtml3.14-dev libgstreamer0.10-dev libgstreamer-plugins-base0.10-dev Fedora 10 package groups: * Development Tools * Development Libraries * X Software Development (gui) * GNOME Software Development (gui) To install these package groups: sudo yum groupinstall "Development Tools" "Development Libraries" \ "X Software Development" "GNOME Software Development" Additional Fedora 10 packages: * zlib-devel (gui) * bzip2-devel * dbus-glib-devel (gui) * hal-devel (gui) * gtkhtml3-devel (gui) * gstreamer-devel (gui) * gstreamer-plugins-base-devel (gui) To install these packages: sudo yum install yasm zlib-devel bzip2-devel \ dbus-glib-devel hal-devel gtkhtml3-devel \ gstreamer-devel gstreamer-plugins-base-devel 3 QuickStart ************ This chapter is for building from a terminal/shell environment in as few commands as possible. Upon completion of the following commands you should have a fresh build of HandBrake. Further instructions are available beginning with *Note overview:: which describes procedures suitable for repeating builds. This chapter should be skipped by those seeking more than a minimalist build. svn checkout svn://svn.handbrake.fr/HandBrake/trunk hb-trunk cd hb-trunk ./configure --launch The special option `--launch' selects launch mode and performs the following steps: * assert scratch directory `build/' does not exist * create scratch directory `build/' * change to directory `build/' * launch `make' * capture build output to `build/log/build.txt' * echo build output * print elapsed time * indicate if build ultimately succeeded or failed 4 Overview ********** Linux builds are performed from a terminal. There is no support for building from any IDEs. 5 Building via Terminal *********************** 5.1 Checkout Sources ==================== Checkout HandBrake from the official source-code repository. svn checkout svn://svn.handbrake.fr/HandBrake/trunk hb-trunk cd hb-trunk Sources are checked out from the `trunk' branch. This document was generated from that very branch, and for example purposes, we will use exactly the same branch. If you have write-access to the repository, then you may add the appropriate login/password information as needed. It is recommended to use Subversion 1.5.0 or higher. Lower versions should also work. 5.2 Configure ============= Configure the build system. ./configure Configure will automatically create a scratch build directory `build' unless you use GNU-style build procedures and first `cd' to a directory other than top-level source. Additionally you may specify use `--build' to specify the directory. The name of the directory is arbitrary but it is recommended to use something which indicates transient files which are not checked into the repository. The `configure' utility accepts many options. It is recommended that you specify `--help' for the complete list of options. The following options are also documented here: `--help' List available options. `--src=DIR' Specify top-level source directory for HandBrake sources. `--build=DIR' Specify destination directory for final product install. The default is to use either `build' if in the top-level source directory, otherwise `.' `--prefix=DIR' Specify destination directory for final product install. This defaults to a reasonable platform-specific value. `--launch' All-in-one option which launches the build and logs output automatically. Useful for novices and quickstart procedures. `--disable-xcode' Disable shunting the build through Xcode. If this option is applied, `HandBrakeCLI' will be produced in a similare fashion as it is on other platforms; sans Xcode. Mac OS X only. `--disable-gtk' Disable building the GTK GUI on applicable platforms such as Linux. `--debug=MODE' Select debug mode. Must be one of `none', `min', `std', `max'. This generally maps to gcc options `-g0', `-g1', `-g2', `-g3'. `--optimize=MODE' Select optimize mode. Must be one of `none', `speed', `size'. This generally maps to gcc options `-g0', `-O0', `-O3', `-Os'. `--arch=MODE' Select build architecture. The available architectures vary by platform. Most platforms support exactly one architecture except Mac OS X which has support for various universal binary architectures. The available choices are hard-coded per platform and no sanity checks for the required tools are performed. Clean-room procedures dictate that when certain factors change, old builds should be scrapped and new builds configured. This is the main reason for requiring a scratch directory; to promote consistent, reliable and clean software builds. The following is a short list of some of the reasons why someone may choose to scrap an existing build: * configure with different options * subversion working dir is updated and you want configure to re-evaluate working dir metadata. * build corruption is suspected There are generally two methods for scrapping a build. The `build' directory can be recusrively removed which has the effect of loosing your existing configuration but does guarantee no residuals are left behind. The other method is to ask the build system to perform an `make xclean'. This is known to work well but will leave empty directories behind. However, the configuration is left intact. 5.3 Build ========= Build main product. All necessary dependencies are also built if required. make Parallel builds may optionally be enabled. Be aware that while a parallel build may save time on systems with additional cores, the output is often mixed, overlapped and sometimes even corrupted with binary characters. Thus if you experience a build issue, you should clean and redo the build in default serial mode to produce a readable log. The following command allows for up to 4 concurrent jobs via make: make -j4 5.4 Make Targets ================ The build system supports passing many kinds of targets some of which become very useful in normal development cycles. The targets by convention are lower-case words passed to `make'. Global targets are one-word targets. Scoped targets are usually two-words seperated by a period. 5.4.1 Global ------------ `make' Alias for `make build'. `make build' Build main product. All necessary dependencies are also built if required. `make clean' Clean all build output excluding contrib modules. Configuration is retained. `make install' Perform final product(s) install. This will install build products to a standard directory or one specified via `configure --prefix' option. `make uninstall' Perform final product(s) uninstall. This will uninstall any products which may have been previously installed. `make xclean' Clean all build output including contrib modules. Configuration is retained. `make doc' Build auto-generated project documentation. Various articles are produced and may be found in `build/doc/articles'. `make report.help' Print list of available makefile vars report targets. These reports detail var definitions and expanded values used by the build system. For experts only. `make report.all' Convenience target which aggregates all reports. For experts only. 5.4.2 General Modules --------------------- General modules such as `libhb', `test' and `gtk' have the following scoped targets: `make MODULE.build' Build MODULE. `make MODULE.clean' Clean build output for MODULE. 5.4.3 Contrib Modules --------------------- Contrib modules such as `a52dec', `bzip2', `faac', `faad2', `ffmpeg', `lame', `libdca', `libdvdread', `libmkv', `libmp4v2', `libogg', `libsamplerate', `libtheora', `libvorbis', `mpeg2dec', `x264', `xvidcore' and `zlib' have the following scoped targets: `make MODULE.fetch' Download source tarball from the Internet and save to `TOP/downloads' directory. No checksumming is performed. `make MODULE.extract' Extract source tarball into `build' tree. `make MODULE.patch' Apply appropriate patches (if any) to module sources. `make MODULE.configure' Configure module sources. This usually invokes autotool configure. `make MODULE.build' Build module. This usually invokes autotool build. `make MODULE.install' Install module products such as headers and libraries into `build' tree. This usually invokes autotool install. `make MODULE.uninstall' Uninstall module products; generally the reverse of install. This usually invokes autotool uninstall. `make MODULE.clean' Clean module; generally the reverse of build. This usually invokes autotool clean. `make MODULE.xclean' Extra clean module; first invokes uninstall then recursively removes the module build directory. 5.4.4 Contrib Touch and Untouch ------------------------------- Also available are some very granular targets which help force builds from specific cycle points. The following targets are available to touch and untouch the respective module target; this will force the build system to treat the target as satisfied after a touch or unsatisfied after an untouch: * make MODULE.extract.touch * make MODULE.extract.untouch * make MODULE.patch.touch * make MODULE.patch.untouch * make MODULE.configure.touch * make MODULE.configure.untouch * make MODULE.build.touch * make MODULE.build.untouch * make MODULE.install.touch * make MODULE.install.untouch 5.4.5 Contrib Aggregates ------------------------ For convenience, the following targets aggregate the all contrib modules' respective targets together: * make contrib.fetch * make contrib.extract * make contrib.patch * make contrib.configure * make contrib.build * make contrib.install * make contrib.uninstall * make contrib.clean * make contrib.xclean 5.5 Customizing Make ==================== If the need arises to override settings in the build system (essentially gnu-make variables) the recommended method is to create optional include files which are automatically included if present and follow this naming convention; Do not check these files into the respository: `_SRC_/custom.defs' Custom makevar definitions outside `build'. Suitable for settings which apply across all builds for a particular checkout; or which survives manual removal of `build'. `_SRC_/custom.rules' Custom make rules outside `build'. Suitable for settings which apply across all builds for a particular checkout; or which survives manual removal of `build'. `_BUILD_/GNUmakefile.custom.defs' Custom makevar definitions specific to a `build' directory. `_BUILD_/GNUmakefile.custom.rules' Custom makevar rules specific to a `build' directory. The purpose is to allow a place to store local build settings for testing, tweaking, and experimenting with build configuration without losing your settings if `configure' is invoked; ie: `configure' would overwrite `GNUmakefile' and any customizations contained therein would be lost. Here is a short example of what the contents of `_SRC_/custom.defs' might contain: ## bump to gcc-4.2 in current path GCC.gcc = gcc-4.2 ## replace optimize for 'speed' with more agressive settings GCC.args.O.speed = -O3 -fomit-frame-pointer -msse4.2 See also `make report.help' which displays a set of reports used to dump makefile vars.